one word for each time mistake...
1. mistress = 愛人
2. slave = スレーブ
3. punish = 罰する
4. yes = はい
5. obey = 従う
6. kneel = ひざまずく
7. silence = 沈黙
8. whip = ホイップ
9. eyes = 目
Tuesday, November 16, 2010
Monday, November 15, 2010
twenty italian words
1. mistress = domina
2. slave = slave
3. punish = punire
4. hello = ciao
5. yes = sì
6. obey = obbedire
7. no = no
8. watch = orologio
9. remember = ricordo
10. late = spät
11. kneel = inginocchiarsi
12. silence = silenzio
13. whip = frusta
14. beauty = bellezza
15. love = amore
16. studio = Studie
17. stomach = stomaco
18. eyes = occhi
19. legs = gambe
20. goodbye = addios
2. slave = slave
3. punish = punire
4. hello = ciao
5. yes = sì
6. obey = obbedire
7. no = no
8. watch = orologio
9. remember = ricordo
10. late = spät
11. kneel = inginocchiarsi
12. silence = silenzio
13. whip = frusta
14. beauty = bellezza
15. love = amore
16. studio = Studie
17. stomach = stomaco
18. eyes = occhi
19. legs = gambe
20. goodbye = addios
twenty german words
1. mistress = domina
2. slave = sklave
3. punish = bestrafen
4. hello = hallo
5. yes = ja
6. obey = gehorchen
7. no = keine
8. watch = uhr
9. remember = erinnern
10. late = spät
11. kneel = knien
12. silence = schweigen
13. whip = peitsche
14. beauty = schönheit
15. love = liebe
16. study = studie
17. stomach = magen
18. eyes = augen
19. legs = beine
20. goodbye = auf wiedersehen
2. slave = sklave
3. punish = bestrafen
4. hello = hallo
5. yes = ja
6. obey = gehorchen
7. no = keine
8. watch = uhr
9. remember = erinnern
10. late = spät
11. kneel = knien
12. silence = schweigen
13. whip = peitsche
14. beauty = schönheit
15. love = liebe
16. study = studie
17. stomach = magen
18. eyes = augen
19. legs = beine
20. goodbye = auf wiedersehen
cut: the 4C's of diamonds
Cut is the most important aspect of diamond beauty. It is the only factor controlled by man, but for many years it has been the least discussed. Here you will learn what details have the most impact on a diamond’s beauty and more importantly, how to FIND this information.
The Importance of Cut Grading
Cut refers to more than just a diamond’s shape. It refers to more than depth, table, polish and symmetry. A round diamond’s cut quality also depends on physical measurements called proportions. A diamond’s proportions determine how well a diamond will sparkle and reflect light. There are 11 different proportions and cut details for a round diamond.
PROPORTIONS AND FINISH
These details are all necessary for determining a diamond’s quality, but many sellers still provide only 7 of them.
Cut quality is the most important information about a diamond, but in many places you will no mention of the missing proportions or a grade for cut. The most common grading labs used by diamond sellers provide some details on cut proportions, but not enough to determine cut quality.
Notice in the example below that there are grades for color and clarity, but not for cut. Without the missing details a diamond cannot be properly evaluated and cannot be measured against already-established cut grades.
Why most cut quality is average
It takes planning and effort to transform a piece of rough into a polished diamond. The greater the planning and effort, the more beautiful the diamond will be. Still, to this day only a small number of diamonds are cut to premium quality.
The Pyramid of Cut
The AGS and GIA approach cut grading differently, but both are proven systems. Diamonds awarded the top grade by these labs are near the top of what we call the pyramid of cut.
The AGS system is very strict. Less than 3% of the world’s round diamonds can earn the AGS top grade of 0 or ‘Ideal.’ The GIA’s top grade of ‘Excellent’ allows for a range of taste that is broader but is still an assurance of good quality.
A diamond earning one of these grades is above average cut quality and, very importantly, will have passed all tests for depth, durability, polish and basic symmetry. It will also have visibly superior performance compared to average diamonds.
The AGS Ideal grade is considered very elite. The GIA Excellent grade has more latitude and allows abundant steep/deep combinations (so GIA EX diamonds may appear smaller than they should for carat weight), but the information is provided so you can assess this for yourself.
Cut Information Summary
Consumers know very little about cut because most of the world’s diamonds are still graded by labs that do not offer a cut grade. A person doesn’t need to know every last number to make a good decision, but understanding cut grading allows a more informed and confident decision.
The Importance of Cut Grading
Cut refers to more than just a diamond’s shape. It refers to more than depth, table, polish and symmetry. A round diamond’s cut quality also depends on physical measurements called proportions. A diamond’s proportions determine how well a diamond will sparkle and reflect light. There are 11 different proportions and cut details for a round diamond.
PROPORTIONS AND FINISH
These details are all necessary for determining a diamond’s quality, but many sellers still provide only 7 of them.
Cut quality is the most important information about a diamond, but in many places you will no mention of the missing proportions or a grade for cut. The most common grading labs used by diamond sellers provide some details on cut proportions, but not enough to determine cut quality.
Notice in the example below that there are grades for color and clarity, but not for cut. Without the missing details a diamond cannot be properly evaluated and cannot be measured against already-established cut grades.
Why most cut quality is average
It takes planning and effort to transform a piece of rough into a polished diamond. The greater the planning and effort, the more beautiful the diamond will be. Still, to this day only a small number of diamonds are cut to premium quality.
The Pyramid of Cut
The AGS and GIA approach cut grading differently, but both are proven systems. Diamonds awarded the top grade by these labs are near the top of what we call the pyramid of cut.
The AGS system is very strict. Less than 3% of the world’s round diamonds can earn the AGS top grade of 0 or ‘Ideal.’ The GIA’s top grade of ‘Excellent’ allows for a range of taste that is broader but is still an assurance of good quality.
A diamond earning one of these grades is above average cut quality and, very importantly, will have passed all tests for depth, durability, polish and basic symmetry. It will also have visibly superior performance compared to average diamonds.
The AGS Ideal grade is considered very elite. The GIA Excellent grade has more latitude and allows abundant steep/deep combinations (so GIA EX diamonds may appear smaller than they should for carat weight), but the information is provided so you can assess this for yourself.
Cut Information Summary
Consumers know very little about cut because most of the world’s diamonds are still graded by labs that do not offer a cut grade. A person doesn’t need to know every last number to make a good decision, but understanding cut grading allows a more informed and confident decision.
clarity: the 4C's of diamonds
Almost all diamonds have natural characteristics called inclusions. Inclusions are formed during crystallization. Some are microscopic and cannot be seen with the naked eye. The clarity grade indicates how clean or included a diamond is under extreme scrutiny.
Clarity Grading
F and IF mean the diamond is Flawless or Internally Flawless when examined by a trained professional under 10 power magnification. Such diamonds are very rare and are costly. VVS1 and VVS2 stand for Very Very Slight inclusions. This means the professional found it very difficult to see minute inclusions under magnification.
VS1 and VS2 stand for Very Slight inclusions. VS1 is difficult for a professional to see with 10 power magnification. VS2 is easier to see, still under magnification. It is very unlikely that an observer will see VS inclusions with the naked eye.
SI1 and SI2 stand for Slightly Included. This means a professional easily saw inclusions with 10 power magnification, but may or may not be able to see them with the naked eye. Whether or not a diamond is “eye-clean” to an observer will be discussed in a moment.
I1, I2 and I3 stand for Included. These inclusions are easily seen with magnification and are also visible to the naked eye.
Clarity and Grading Standards
Is it Eye-Clean?
The most important question for many shoppers, especially on the internet, will be whether or not the diamond being considered is “eye-clean.” This is a useful term, but there is no official definition. Distance, lighting and human vision can all be different, so you should have clear expectations when asking this question. Our own definition of eye-clean:
No inclusions visible face-up at a distance of 8-10 inches in natural lighting to a person with 20/20 vision.
10 inches is the “distance of most distinct vision” as defined by the American Gem Society, so this is a logical standard and it gives us a working baseline for our customers. If a strong lab like AGS or GIA did the grading, it is likely that anything VS2 and above will be completely eye-clean. But every SI1 and SI2 diamond is different. Some have inclusions visible to some people and many others don’t. If eye-clean is important to you a clear definition between buyer and seller is critical (click for more information on Eye-Clean).
Side Inclusions
Clarity grades are assigned in the face-up view, not looking from the side or the bottom. An inclusion that is not visible from the top may be visible from the side, where there is more transparency.
Clarity and the influence of CUT
Inclusions are more difficult to see in well-cut diamonds because of maximized brilliance, dispersion, scintillation and contrast. This is another reason that cut is so important in a diamond.
Clarity and Durability
There are many types of inclusions and blemishes. It’s important to mention one in particular, known as a feather. A feather is a tiny fissure inside a diamond. In some circumstances it could pose a problem with durability.
Clarity and Sensitivity
As with color, clarity-perception varies among people. One person may see an inclusion that is completely invisible to another. Age and nearsightedness influence your perception, so it won’t be the same 10 years from now as it is today. It’s also a matter of personal preference. Some people insist on flawless diamonds. Other people just want the diamond to be eye-clean, and still others consider inclusions to be natural ‘birthmarks’ in the diamond which make them special.
Clarity and Settings
It is often possible to hide inclusions near the girdle with a prong while setting.
Clarity Enhancement
There is a process where a diamond is drilled to remove an inclusion, called ‘fracture filling.’ .
Clarity Summary
Clarity is quite simple. If you don’t want inclusions, a grade like VS or VVS will practically guarantee that you will never see one. If you want to find an eye-clean SI1 or SI2 diamond you will need to work with an expert you can trust to find one that meets your expectations.
Clarity Grading
F and IF mean the diamond is Flawless or Internally Flawless when examined by a trained professional under 10 power magnification. Such diamonds are very rare and are costly. VVS1 and VVS2 stand for Very Very Slight inclusions. This means the professional found it very difficult to see minute inclusions under magnification.
VS1 and VS2 stand for Very Slight inclusions. VS1 is difficult for a professional to see with 10 power magnification. VS2 is easier to see, still under magnification. It is very unlikely that an observer will see VS inclusions with the naked eye.
SI1 and SI2 stand for Slightly Included. This means a professional easily saw inclusions with 10 power magnification, but may or may not be able to see them with the naked eye. Whether or not a diamond is “eye-clean” to an observer will be discussed in a moment.
I1, I2 and I3 stand for Included. These inclusions are easily seen with magnification and are also visible to the naked eye.
Clarity and Grading Standards
Is it Eye-Clean?
The most important question for many shoppers, especially on the internet, will be whether or not the diamond being considered is “eye-clean.” This is a useful term, but there is no official definition. Distance, lighting and human vision can all be different, so you should have clear expectations when asking this question. Our own definition of eye-clean:
No inclusions visible face-up at a distance of 8-10 inches in natural lighting to a person with 20/20 vision.
10 inches is the “distance of most distinct vision” as defined by the American Gem Society, so this is a logical standard and it gives us a working baseline for our customers. If a strong lab like AGS or GIA did the grading, it is likely that anything VS2 and above will be completely eye-clean. But every SI1 and SI2 diamond is different. Some have inclusions visible to some people and many others don’t. If eye-clean is important to you a clear definition between buyer and seller is critical (click for more information on Eye-Clean).
Side Inclusions
Clarity grades are assigned in the face-up view, not looking from the side or the bottom. An inclusion that is not visible from the top may be visible from the side, where there is more transparency.
Clarity and the influence of CUT
Inclusions are more difficult to see in well-cut diamonds because of maximized brilliance, dispersion, scintillation and contrast. This is another reason that cut is so important in a diamond.
Clarity and Durability
There are many types of inclusions and blemishes. It’s important to mention one in particular, known as a feather. A feather is a tiny fissure inside a diamond. In some circumstances it could pose a problem with durability.
Clarity and Sensitivity
As with color, clarity-perception varies among people. One person may see an inclusion that is completely invisible to another. Age and nearsightedness influence your perception, so it won’t be the same 10 years from now as it is today. It’s also a matter of personal preference. Some people insist on flawless diamonds. Other people just want the diamond to be eye-clean, and still others consider inclusions to be natural ‘birthmarks’ in the diamond which make them special.
Clarity and Settings
It is often possible to hide inclusions near the girdle with a prong while setting.
Clarity Enhancement
There is a process where a diamond is drilled to remove an inclusion, called ‘fracture filling.’ .
Clarity Summary
Clarity is quite simple. If you don’t want inclusions, a grade like VS or VVS will practically guarantee that you will never see one. If you want to find an eye-clean SI1 or SI2 diamond you will need to work with an expert you can trust to find one that meets your expectations.
color: the 4C's of diamonds
Even though they are transparent, most diamonds contain some hint of color. This is caused by the presence of nitrogen in the earth where they formed. Diamond color grading is done on a scale of D to Z.
D is ‘icy-white.’ These diamonds are the most colorless and most rare, so they are considered most valuable. There are 23 descending grades, so the increasing hints of color are very slight. The average person cannot distinguish between several color grades. D, E and F diamonds are all considered colorless to normal vision. G, H, I and J are called near-colorless but still considered to be in the white range. K through Z are faint yellow to yellowish or brownish. A diamond with more color than a Z is a ‘fancy colored diamond’ and could be a different color like pink or blue.
Color
Diamonds are graded in the face-down position and viewed for color from the side. This is because great light return in a diamond can ‘mask’ color, especially in round brilliants. Extremely well-cut diamonds may appear more colorless in the face-up position than the grade they received at the lab due to superior light return. For instance, a diamond that was graded H in the side position can ‘face-up’ like a G or an F, but only if it was cut extremely well.
Color and Sensitivity
Some people are more color-sensitive than others. One person may see color in a diamond that appears to have no color to someone else. Even if you have great sensitivity to color you may have different preferences than others. The icy whiteness of a D may appeal to one person, while the warmer look of a J appeals to another. A third person may not see any difference between the two.
Color and Settings
Remember that diamonds absorb the color of their surroundings, so it’s best to judge them against a white background. Once mounted a diamond will show less color than it did loose. Remember that the choice of setting may influence your diamond’s color. If you choose a gold setting and have a colorless diamond that diamond may absorb and reflect back some of the setting color.
Color Enhancement
High Pressure High Temperature treatment (HPHT) is a process where a diamond is irradiated to improve its color.
carat: the 4C's of diamonds
Here is important information about the traditional 3 Cs, and critical information on CUT, the 4th C, that may change the way you look at diamonds.
Carat Weight
The weight of a diamond is expressed in carats. This term comes from ancient times when gems were weighed against the carob bean. One carat is equal to 200 milligrams, or one fifth of a gram. One point equals 1/100th of a carat, so 25 points is equal to a quarter of carat and 50 points is equal to half of a carat.
Carat Weight and Cost:
As carat weight gets larger the value of the diamond increases disproportionately. This is because pieces of rough material are increasingly rare with size. Over a million pieces of rough must be mined to find one piece large enough to produce a 1 carat finished diamond. This means that a diamond twice as large as an identical, smaller one may be three or more times as expensive, depending on the market.
Carat Weight and CUT:
Carat weight is not the same thing as size. As diamonds increase in weight their apparent size becomes less predictable. Diamonds cut too shallow may appear larger than they should, while diamonds cut too deep may look smaller. Too shallow and too deep are both undesirable.
You should always use millimeter measurements and consider girdle thickness when judging proper spread for carat weight.
diameter guide for rounds
Superior cut can also result in edge-to-edge light performance. A well-cut diamond will appear larger than other diamonds of the same carat weight and spread).
Carat Weight
The weight of a diamond is expressed in carats. This term comes from ancient times when gems were weighed against the carob bean. One carat is equal to 200 milligrams, or one fifth of a gram. One point equals 1/100th of a carat, so 25 points is equal to a quarter of carat and 50 points is equal to half of a carat.
Carat Weight and Cost:
As carat weight gets larger the value of the diamond increases disproportionately. This is because pieces of rough material are increasingly rare with size. Over a million pieces of rough must be mined to find one piece large enough to produce a 1 carat finished diamond. This means that a diamond twice as large as an identical, smaller one may be three or more times as expensive, depending on the market.
Carat Weight and CUT:
Carat weight is not the same thing as size. As diamonds increase in weight their apparent size becomes less predictable. Diamonds cut too shallow may appear larger than they should, while diamonds cut too deep may look smaller. Too shallow and too deep are both undesirable.
You should always use millimeter measurements and consider girdle thickness when judging proper spread for carat weight.
diameter guide for rounds
Superior cut can also result in edge-to-edge light performance. A well-cut diamond will appear larger than other diamonds of the same carat weight and spread).
read a book
mistress choose "the count of monte cristo" by Alexandar Dumas for reading. slave had 32hrs to read to over 800pgs.
make a pizza
this wheat-free pepperoni pizza with olives & cheese in made with bean flour. there is two long baking steps required to make but results is a yummy taste :)
first task - celebration cake
this small chocolate wheat-free cake is the first task for my new mistress. hoping for a long relationship with many reasons to celebrate
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